Virtual Singer
SAMPA Notation
|
Introduction
|
|
In phonetics, there are two main systems of
notation for
describing how a language is pronounced: IPA and
SAMPA. These two
notation systems are
common to all phoneticians.
With IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet), each
phoneme
matches a
symbol.
Unfortunately, the set of phonetic symbols cannot
be typed on a
computer
keyboard.
SAMPA (Speech Assessment Methods Phonetic
Alphabet) is a
notation
derived
from IPA that can be typed on a standard computer
keyboard. The ASCII
character
set is used in SAMPA. Up to two characters may be
needed to
represent a phoneme.
Virtual Singer uses the SAMPA notation.
Implementation
|
|
In song lyrics, you can replace a syllable with
its
SAMPA
equivalent.
After the syllable, enter [#
(an opening square bracket, then #). This tells
Virtual
Singer to replace the syllable with the SAMPA
characters between [# and
]. If you
enter
non-SAMPA symbols in the brackets, they will be
ignored.
For example:
"Another
yacht"
will be written in SAMPA (UK English
pronunciation) "@nVD@ jQt"
You can then type: "Another[#@nVD@] yacht[#jQt]"
to
produce the same
result.
|
Note: If you are
reluctant to use
the
SAMPA notation,
don't forget that you can also
use normal notation to replace a
syllable.
If a syllable is followed by
text written between square
brackets,
without the # character, it will
be replaced by that text.
This
is generally sufficient, and
much simpler than using SAMPA.
|
|
Since each language uses a given phoneme set, each
language will be
described
below with its SAMPA character set.
For each SAMPA symbol, an example is provided.
SAMPA notation for English
SAMPA
Notation
|
Sample
|
SAMPA Sample
|
p
|
pin
|
pIn
|
b
|
bin
|
bIN
|
t
|
tin
|
tIn
|
d
|
din
|
dIn
|
k
|
kin
|
kIn
|
g
|
give
|
gIv
|
tS
|
chin
|
tSIn
|
dZ
|
gin
|
dZin
|
f
|
fin
|
fIn
|
v
|
vim
|
vIm
|
T
|
thin
|
TIn
|
D
|
this
|
DIs
|
s
|
sin
|
sIn
|
z
|
zing
|
zIN
|
S
|
shin
|
SIn
|
Z
|
measure
|
meZ@
|
h
|
hit
|
hIt
|
m
|
mock
|
mQk
|
n
|
knock
|
nQk
|
N
|
thing
|
TIN
|
r
|
wrong
|
rQn
|
l
|
long
|
lQN
|
w
|
wasp
|
wQsp
|
j
|
yacht
|
jQt
|
I
|
pit
|
pIt
|
e
|
pet
|
pet
|
&
|
pat
|
p&t
|
Q
|
pot
|
pQt
|
V
|
cut
|
kVt
|
U
|
put
|
pUt
|
@
|
another
|
@nVD@
|
i
|
ease
|
iz
|
eI
|
raise
|
reIz
|
aI
|
rise
|
raIz
|
OI
|
noise
|
nOIz
|
u
|
lose
|
luz
|
@U
|
nose
|
n@Uz
|
aU
|
rouse
|
raUz
|
3
|
furs
|
f3z
|
A
|
stars
|
stAz
|
O
|
cause
|
kOz
|
i@
|
fears
|
fi@z
|
e@
|
stairs
|
ste@z
|
U@
|
cures
|
kjU@z
|
SAMPA notation for French
(Latin also uses this notation)
SAMPA
Notation
|
Sample
|
Sample in SAMPA
|
p
|
pont
|
po~
|
b
|
bon
|
bo~
|
t
|
temps
|
ta~
|
d
|
dans
|
da~
|
k
|
quand
|
ka~
|
g
|
gant
|
ga~
|
f
|
femme
|
fam
|
v
|
vent
|
va~
|
s
|
sans
|
sa~
|
z
|
zone
|
zon
|
S
|
champ
|
Sa~
|
Z
|
gens
|
Za~
|
j
|
ion
|
jo~
|
m
|
mont
|
mo~
|
n
|
nom
|
no~
|
J
|
oignon
|
oJo~
|
N
|
camping
|
ka~piN
|
l
|
long
|
lo~
|
R
|
rond
|
Ro~
|
w
|
coin
|
kwe~
|
H
|
juin
|
ZHe~
|
i
|
si
|
si
|
e
|
ses
|
se
|
E
|
seize
|
sEz
|
a
|
patte
|
pat
|
A
|
pâte
|
pAt
|
O
|
comme
|
kOm
|
o
|
gros
|
gRo
|
u
|
doux
|
du
|
y
|
du
|
dy
|
2
|
deux
|
d2
|
9
|
neuf
|
n9f
|
@
|
justement
|
Zyst@ma~
|
e~
|
vin
|
ve~
|
a~
|
cent
|
va~
|
o~
|
bon
|
bo~
|
9~
|
brun
|
bR9~
|
SAMPA notation for Spanish
Notation SAMPA
|
Sample
|
Sample in SAMPA
|
p
|
padre
|
paDre
|
b
|
vino
|
bino
|
t
|
tomo
|
tomo
|
d
|
donde
|
donde
|
k
|
casa
|
kasa
|
g
|
gata
|
gata
|
tS
|
mucho
|
mutSo
|
jj
|
hielo
|
jjelo
|
f
|
fácil
|
faTil
|
B
|
cabra
|
kaBra
|
T
|
cinco
|
Tinko
|
D
|
nada
|
naDa
|
s
|
sala
|
sala
|
x
|
mujer
|
muxer
|
G
|
luego
|
lweGo
|
m
|
mismo
|
mismo
|
n
|
nunca
|
nunka
|
J
|
año
|
aJo
|
l
|
lejos
|
lexos
|
L
|
caballo
|
kabaLo
|
r
|
puro
|
puro
|
rr
|
torre
|
torre
|
j
|
rei
|
rrej
|
w
|
deuda
|
dewDa
|
i
|
pico
|
piko
|
e
|
pero
|
pero
|
a
|
valle
|
baLe
|
o
|
toro
|
toro
|
u
|
duro
|
duro
|
SAMPA notation for Finnish
Note: The SAMPA transcription of the Finnish
language has not been
completed
yet by the IPA community. So, we had to create
new SAMPA
characters
in order to notate Finnish language. In the future,
this notation is
subject
to change (especially the strong plosives). These
special non-standard
SAMPA characters are written in blue in the array
below.
SAMPA
Notation
|
Sample
|
Sample in SAMPA
|
p
|
piano
|
pianO
|
P
|
|
|
b
|
baari
|
baari
|
t
|
tee
|
tEE
|
T
|
bitti
|
biTi
|
d
|
kahdeksan
|
kadEksan
|
k
|
kahvi
|
kavi
|
K
|
lakki
|
laKi
|
g
|
geologia
|
gEologia
|
f
|
filmi
|
filmi
|
v
|
viisi
|
viisi
|
s
|
soolo
|
soolo
|
z
|
|
|
h
|
helsinki
|
helsinki
|
m
|
markka
|
marKa
|
n
|
neljä
|
nelj&
|
N
|
helsingissä
|
helsiNgiss&
|
r
|
radio
|
radio
|
l
|
litra
|
litra
|
w
|
|
|
j
|
joo
|
joo
|
H
|
pöytä
|
p2Ht&
|
e
|
yötä
|
yet&
|
&
|
päivää
|
p&iv&&
|
a
|
banaani
|
banaani
|
E
|
tee
|
tEE
|
i
|
viisi
|
viisi
|
O
|
soolo
|
sOOlO
|
2
|
öljy
|
2ljy
|
u
|
puu
|
puu
|
y
|
hyvä
|
hyv&
|
SAMPA notation for Italian
SAMPA
Notation
|
Sample
|
Sample in SAMPA
|
p
|
pane
|
pane
|
pp
|
coppa
|
kOppa
|
b
|
banco
|
banko
|
bb
|
gobba
|
gObba
|
t
|
tana
|
tana
|
tt
|
zitto
|
tsitto
|
d
|
danno
|
danno
|
dd
|
cadde
|
kadde
|
k
|
cane
|
kane
|
kk
|
nocca
|
nOkka
|
g
|
ago
|
ago
|
gg
|
fugga
|
fugga
|
f
|
fame
|
fame
|
v
|
vano
|
vano
|
s
|
sano
|
sano
|
z
|
sbaglio
|
zbaLLo
|
S
|
scendo
|
Sendo
|
tS
|
cena
|
tSena
|
dZ
|
gita
|
dZita
|
ts
|
zitto
|
tsitto
|
dz
|
zona
|
dzOna
|
m
|
molla
|
mOlla
|
n
|
nocca
|
nOkka
|
J
|
gnocco
|
JOkko
|
N
|
ancora
|
aNkora
|
l
|
lama
|
lama
|
r
|
rete
|
rete
|
L
|
gli
|
Li
|
j
|
ieri
|
jEri
|
w
|
uomo
|
wOmo
|
a
|
rata
|
rata
|
e
|
rete
|
rete
|
E
|
meta
|
mEta
|
i
|
mite
|
mite
|
o
|
dove
|
dove
|
O
|
moto
|
mOto
|
u
|
muto
|
muto
|
|